Wind Shear
Definition
A sudden change in wind speed or direction over a short distance, particularly dangerous during takeoff and landing. Can cause rapid changes in airspeed and lift.
Related Terms
Microburst
A localized column of sinking air that produces a powerful downward wind and horizontal outburst at the ground. Extremely dangerous for aircraft during takeoff and landing approaches.
GPWS/EGPWS (Ground Proximity Warning System)
An aircraft system that alerts pilots when they are in danger of flying into terrain. The enhanced version (EGPWS) uses a terrain database to provide earlier, more accurate warnings.
Go-Around
A procedure in which a pilot aborts a landing approach and climbs back to a safe altitude to attempt another approach. May be initiated by the pilot or instructed by ATC.
Related Guides
How Weather Affects Your Flight: Delays, Turbulence, and More
Weather disruptions explained. Thunderstorms, crosswinds, fog, and seasonal patterns that cause delays, diversions, and turbulence.
What Really Happens During Turbulence
Types of turbulence — clear air, convective, wake, and mechanical. Aircraft tolerance levels, safety data, and why turbulence is not dangerous.