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4
km island length
Kansai International Airport was built on a 4 km by 1 km artificial island in Osaka Bay, constructed over three years using 180 million cubic meters of fill.
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Designed by architect Renzo Piano, Kansai opened in 1994 as the first airport built entirely on an artificial island. The island has been sinking gradually since construction, requiring ongoing adjustments to the terminal and runway elevations. A second island with an additional runway was added in 2007. The concept inspired similar projects in Hong Kong and Macau.