विमानन शब्दावली

255

255 शब्द 12 श्रेणियों में

हवाई अड्डा अवसंरचना 25 हवाई अड्डा कोड और वर्गीकरण 18 नेविगेशन और हवाई क्षेत्र 22 उड़ान संचालन 22 यात्री अनुभव 22 एयरलाइन संचालन 20 विमान और अभियांत्रिकी 24 विमानन मौसम 18 सुरक्षा और विनियम 22 वायु यातायात नियंत्रण 20 यात्रा योजना 22 विमानन भूगोल 20

हवाई अड्डा अवसंरचना (25)

हवाई क्षेत्र प्रकाश व्यवस्था (AGL: Airfield Lighting)

The system of lights on runways, taxiways, and aprons that guide aircraft during low visibility

एयरपोर्ट फायर स्टेशन (ARFF: Airport Fire Station)

Airport Rescue and Firefighting facility providing emergency response for aircraft incidents

एप्रन (Apron)

The area of an airport where aircraft are parked, loaded, fueled, and boarded

बैगेज हैंडलिंग सिस्टम (BHS: Baggage Handling System)

The network of conveyors and sorting equipment that moves luggage within an airport

विस्फोट बाड़ (Blast Fence)

A barrier designed to redirect jet engine exhaust away from people and structures on the apron

कार्गो टर्मिनल (Cargo Terminal)

A specialized airport facility for handling freight and mail shipments

कॉन्कोर्स (Concourse)

A section of a terminal containing gates for aircraft boarding and deplaning

नियंत्रण टावर (TWR: Control Tower)

The facility at an airport from which air traffic controllers direct aircraft movements

डी-आइसिंग पैड (De-Icing Pad)

A designated area where aircraft are treated with de-icing fluid before takeoff in cold weather

विस्थापित दहलीज (Displaced Threshold)

A threshold not located at the beginning of the full-strength runway surface

फिक्स्ड-बेस ऑपरेटर (FBO: Fixed-Base Operator)

A commercial business granted the right to operate at an airport providing aeronautical services

ईंधन फार्म (Fuel Farm)

An airport facility that stores and distributes aviation fuel to aircraft

गेट (Gate)

A designated area at an airport where passengers board and deplane aircraft

हैंगर (Hangar)

An enclosed building structure to hold aircraft for maintenance or storage

होल्डिंग बे (Holding Bay)

A designated area near the runway where aircraft wait before receiving takeoff clearance

आईएलएस लोकलाइज़र एंटीना (LOC: ILS Localizer Antenna)

A ground-based radio transmitter providing horizontal guidance for precision approaches

जेट ब्रिज (Jet Bridge)

An enclosed, movable connector between an airport terminal gate and an aircraft door

PAPI (PAPI)

Precision Approach Path Indicator — a visual aid providing glidepath guidance during approach

रनवे (RWY: Runway)

A defined rectangular surface on an airport prepared for aircraft takeoff and landing

रनवे अंत सुरक्षा क्षेत्र (RESA: Runway End Safety Area)

An area beyond the runway end intended to reduce risk of damage to aircraft undershooting or overrunning

रनवे दहलीज (Runway Threshold)

The beginning of the usable portion of a runway for landing

स्टॉपवे (SWY: Stopway)

An area beyond the takeoff runway designated for decelerating an aircraft during an aborted takeoff

टैक्सीवे (TWY: Taxiway)

A defined path on an airport for aircraft to travel between runways and aprons

टर्मिनल (Terminal)

A building at an airport where passengers transfer between ground and air transportation

विंडसॉक (Windsock)

A conical textile tube mounted on an airport that indicates wind direction and approximate speed

हवाई अड्डा कोड और वर्गीकरण (18)

हवाई अड्डा श्रेणी (Airport Category)

The classification system used to categorize airports by size, traffic, and facilities

हवाई अड्डे की ऊंचाई (ELEV: Airport Elevation)

The highest point of an airport's usable landing area measured above mean sea level

हवाई अड्डा संदर्भ बिंदु (ARP: Airport Reference Point)

The designated geographical center of an airport used for identification and coordination

एफएए स्थान पहचानकर्ता (FAA LID: FAA Location Identifier)

A 3-4 character identifier used by the FAA for airports and navigation aids in the US

फोकस सिटी (Focus City)

An airport where an airline operates significant point-to-point service without full hub operations

सामान्य विमानन हवाई अड्डा (GA: General Aviation Airport)

An airport primarily serving non-scheduled and private aircraft operations

हेलीपोर्ट (Heliport)

An area of land or a structure used for helicopter takeoff, landing, and parking

हब हवाई अड्डा (Hub Airport)

An airport that serves as a transfer point for connecting flights, typically for one or more airlines

आईएटीए कोड (IATA: IATA Code)

A three-letter code assigned by IATA to identify airports worldwide

आईसीएओ कोड (ICAO: ICAO Code)

A four-character alphanumeric code assigned by ICAO for airports and airfields

अंतर्राष्ट्रीय हवाई अड्डा (International Airport)

An airport with customs and immigration facilities that handles international flights

बड़ा हवाई अड्डा (Large Airport)

An airport with substantial scheduled airline operations and high passenger volume

मध्यम हवाई अड्डा (Medium Airport)

An airport with moderate levels of commercial and general aviation activity

रिलीवर हवाई अड्डा (Reliever Airport)

An airport designated to reduce congestion at a major commercial airport

अनुसूचित सेवा (Scheduled Service)

Regularly operated commercial flights that run on published timetables

सीप्लेन बेस (Seaplane Base)

A facility on water for the takeoff, landing, and servicing of seaplanes and amphibious aircraft

स्लॉट-नियंत्रित हवाई अड्डा (Slot-Controlled Airport)

An airport where takeoff and landing slots are allocated to airlines due to capacity constraints

छोटा हवाई अड्डा (Small Airport)

An airport with limited aviation activity, often serving general aviation

उड़ान संचालन (22)

ब्लॉक ईंधन (Block Fuel)

The total fuel required for a flight from engine start to engine shutdown

ब्लॉक समय (Block Time)

The total time from gate departure to gate arrival, including taxiing and airborne time

चढ़ाई (Climb)

The phase of flight where an aircraft gains altitude after takeoff

क्रॉसविंड लैंडिंग (Crosswind Landing)

A landing technique used when wind blows perpendicular to the runway direction

समतल उड़ान (Cruise)

The phase of flight at a relatively constant altitude and speed between climb and descent

अवतरण (Descent)

The phase of flight where an aircraft reduces altitude as it approaches the destination

विमान मोड़ (Diversion)

A change in route to land at an airport other than the intended destination

ETOPS (ETOPS)

Extended-range Twin-engine Operations — rules governing how far twin-engine aircraft can fly from airports

नौका उड़ान (Ferry Flight)

A non-revenue flight for repositioning an aircraft to another airport

फ्लेयर (Flare)

A pitch-up maneuver performed just before touchdown to reduce descent rate

उड़ान योजना (FPL: Flight Plan)

A document filed with air traffic control detailing the intended route, altitude, and timing of a flight

गो-अराउंड (Go-Around)

An aborted landing where the aircraft applies full power and climbs away from the runway

महान वृत्त मार्ग (GCR: Great Circle Route)

The shortest path between two points on the Earth's surface, commonly used in long-haul aviation

होल्डिंग पैटर्न (Holding Pattern)

A racetrack-shaped flight path used to delay an aircraft's approach to an airport

अवतरण (Landing)

The final phase of flight where an aircraft descends to the runway surface

पोजिशनिंग उड़ान (Positioning Flight)

A flight to move crew or aircraft to a location needed for operational purposes

रंब रेखा (Rhumb Line)

A path crossing all meridians at the same angle, appearing straight on a Mercator projection

रोटेशन (वीआर) (Vr: Rotation (Vr))

The speed at which the pilot pulls back on the controls to lift the aircraft's nose during takeoff

उड़ान भरना (Takeoff)

The phase of flight in which an aircraft accelerates and becomes airborne

तकनीकी रोक (Technical Stop)

An intermediate landing for refueling or maintenance rather than passenger purposes

टर्नअराउंड समय (Turnaround Time)

The time required to unload, service, and reload an aircraft between arrival and departure

व्हील-अप टाइम (Wheels-Up Time)

The moment an aircraft lifts off the runway and becomes fully airborne

यात्री अनुभव (22)

हवाई अड्डा लाउंज (Airport Lounge)

A premium waiting area offering comfortable seating, food, drinks, and amenities

स्वचालित पासपोर्ट नियंत्रण (APC: Automated Passport Control)

Self-service kiosks that expedite immigration processing for eligible passengers

सामान का दावा (Baggage Claim)

The area in an airport where arriving passengers collect their checked luggage

बोर्डिंग (Boarding)

The process of passengers entering the aircraft before departure

बोर्डिंग पास (Boarding Pass)

A document providing authorization to board an aircraft for a specific flight

कैरी-ऑन बैगेज (Carry-On Baggage)

Luggage small enough to be stowed in the overhead bin or under the seat

सामान की जांच की गई (Checked Baggage)

Luggage surrendered at check-in to be transported in the aircraft's cargo hold

चेक-इन (Check-In)

The process of confirming a passenger's presence and obtaining a boarding pass

सीमा शुल्क (Customs)

Government checkpoints where goods brought into a country are inspected and duties assessed

बोर्डिंग से वंचित (Denied Boarding)

When a passenger with a confirmed reservation is not allowed to board due to overbooking

शुल्क-मुक्त खरीदारी (Duty-Free Shopping)

Retail outlets in international departure areas exempt from local taxes and duties

वैश्विक प्रवेश (Global Entry)

A US Customs program for expedited clearance for pre-approved, low-risk travelers

आप्रवासन (Immigration)

Border control points where passports and visas are checked for international arrivals

न्यूनतम कनेक्शन समय (MCT: Minimum Connection Time)

The shortest allowed time between connecting flights at a specific airport

ओवरसेल (ओवरबुकिंग) (Oversale (Overbooking))

The airline practice of selling more tickets than available seats to account for no-shows

यात्री का नाम रिकॉर्ड (PNR: Passenger Name Record)

A record in the airline reservation system containing passenger itinerary and contact information

पूर्व-निकासी (Pre-Clearance)

US customs and immigration processing completed at a foreign airport before departure

प्राथमिकता बोर्डिंग (Priority Boarding)

Early aircraft boarding privilege given to premium class passengers or loyalty program members

सुरक्षा जांच (Security Screening)

The process of checking passengers and baggage for prohibited items before entering secure areas

स्थानांतरण (Transfer)

Changing from one flight to another at a connecting airport

पारगमन (हवाई क्षेत्र) (Transit (Airside))

Remaining in the secure area of an airport between connecting flights without passing through immigration

बेहिसाब नाबालिग (UM: Unaccompanied Minor)

A child traveling without an adult passenger who receives special airline supervision

एयरलाइन संचालन (20)

एयरलाइन एलायंस (Airline Alliance)

A partnership of airlines that cooperate on routes, frequent flyer programs, and lounge access

उपलब्ध सीट किलोमीटर (ASK: Available Seat Kilometer)

The total passenger capacity of an airline measured in seats multiplied by distance flown

चार्टर एयरलाइन (Charter Airline)

An airline that operates flights booked by travel agencies or tour operators rather than scheduled services

कोडशेयर (Codeshare)

An agreement where two or more airlines share the same flight under different flight numbers

सूखा पट्टा (Dry Lease)

An aircraft lease providing only the aircraft, without crew or operational support

फीडर एयरलाइन (Feeder Airline)

A regional airline that transports passengers to and from a larger carrier's hub

ध्वजवाहक (Flag Carrier)

An airline that is designated to represent and carry the flag of its home country

पूर्वाधिकार (Grandfather Rights)

The principle allowing airlines to retain airport slots based on historical usage

हब-एंड-स्पोक मॉडल (Hub-and-Spoke Model)

An airline network model routing most flights through a central hub airport

इंटरलाइन समझौता (Interline Agreement)

An agreement allowing passengers to use a single ticket for journeys involving multiple airlines

लोड फैक्टर (LF: Load Factor)

The percentage of available seats on an aircraft that are filled with passengers

कम लागत वाला वाहक (LCC: Low-Cost Carrier)

An airline operating with a lower cost structure and offering lower fares than full-service carriers

oneworld

A global airline alliance founded in 1999, members include American Airlines, British Airways, Qantas

पॉइंट-टू-पॉइंट मॉडल (Point-to-Point Model)

An airline network model where flights connect cities directly without routing through a hub

राजस्व यात्री किलोमीटर (RPK: Revenue Passenger Kilometer)

A measure of airline traffic calculated as passengers carried multiplied by distance flown

स्लॉट (हवाई अड्डा स्लॉट) (Slot (Airport Slot))

A scheduled time allocation for an airline to use airport infrastructure for takeoff or landing

Star Alliance

The world's largest airline alliance founded in 1997, members include United, Lufthansa, ANA

अत्यंत कम लागत वाला वाहक (ULCC: Ultra-Low-Cost Carrier)

An airline with the most stripped-down fares, charging separately for nearly all services

गीला पट्टा (Wet Lease)

An aircraft lease that includes the aircraft, crew, maintenance, and insurance (ACMI)

उपज (Yield)

Average revenue per passenger-kilometer, a key airline profitability metric

विमान और अभियांत्रिकी (24)

सहायक विद्युत इकाई (APU: Auxiliary Power Unit)

A small engine on the aircraft that provides electrical power and air conditioning on the ground

एवियोनिक्स (Avionics)

The electronic systems used in aircraft including navigation, communication, and flight management

ब्लीड एयर (Bleed Air)

Compressed air extracted from the jet engine compressor used for cabin pressurization and de-icing

समग्र सामग्री (Composite Materials)

Advanced lightweight materials (carbon fiber, fiberglass) used in modern aircraft construction

एम्पेनेज (पूंछ अनुभाग) (Empennage (Tail Section))

The tail assembly of an aircraft including horizontal stabilizer, vertical fin, and control surfaces

ईटॉप्स रेटिंग (ETOPS Rating)

The certified maximum time a twin-engine aircraft may fly from a suitable diversion airport

उड़ान प्रबंधन प्रणाली (FMS: Flight Management System)

A computer system that automates navigation, performance optimization, and flight planning

फ्लाई-बाय-वायर (FBW: Fly-By-Wire)

A system replacing manual flight controls with electronic signals sent to actuators

धड़ (Fuselage)

The main body structure of an aircraft that holds crew, passengers, and cargo

लैंडिंग गियर (Landing Gear)

The undercarriage system of wheels, struts, and brakes supporting the aircraft on the ground

मच संख्या (M: Mach Number)

The ratio of the aircraft's speed to the speed of sound in the surrounding atmosphere

अधिकतम टेकऑफ़ भार (MTOW: Maximum Takeoff Weight)

The maximum weight at which the pilot is allowed to attempt takeoff

नैरो-बॉडी विमान (Narrow-Body Aircraft)

A single-aisle aircraft typically seating 100-240 passengers for short/medium-haul flights

दबाव डालना (Pressurization)

The process of maintaining a safe atmospheric pressure inside the aircraft cabin at high altitudes

रेंज (विमान) (Range (Aircraft))

The maximum distance an aircraft can fly without refueling

क्षेत्रीय जेट (RJ: Regional Jet)

A small jet aircraft typically seating 50-100 passengers for short-haul routes

सेवा छत (Service Ceiling)

The maximum altitude at which an aircraft can sustain a specified rate of climb

रुकने की गति (Vs: Stall Speed)

The minimum speed at which an aircraft can maintain level flight

यातायात टकराव बचाव प्रणाली (TCAS: Traffic Collision Avoidance System)

An airborne system that detects other transponder-equipped aircraft and provides resolution advisories

टर्बोफैन इंजन (Turbofan Engine)

A jet engine that uses a ducted fan to produce thrust, the most common type on commercial aircraft

टर्बोप्रॉप (Turboprop)

An aircraft powered by a gas turbine engine driving a propeller, efficient at lower speeds

टर्बोशाफ्ट इंजन (Turboshaft Engine)

A gas turbine engine optimized to produce shaft power, primarily used in helicopters

वाइड-बॉडी विमान (Wide-Body Aircraft)

A twin-aisle aircraft typically seating 200-600 passengers for medium/long-haul flights

विंगलेट (Winglet)

A vertical or angled extension at the tip of an aircraft wing that reduces drag

विमानन मौसम (18)

बादल आधार ऊंचाई (Ceiling)

The height of the lowest layer of clouds covering more than half the sky

स्वच्छ वायु अशांति (CAT: Clear Air Turbulence)

Turbulence occurring in cloudless areas, often near jet streams, invisible to radar

क्रॉसविंड (Crosswind)

A wind blowing perpendicular to the direction of travel or runway alignment

कोहरा (Fog)

Visibility-reducing water droplets suspended near the surface, a major cause of airport delays

सामने की हवा (Headwind)

A wind blowing directly opposite to the direction of aircraft travel, reducing ground speed

बर्फ जमना (Icing)

The accumulation of ice on aircraft surfaces during flight through supercooled water droplets

जेट स्ट्रीम (Jet Stream)

A narrow band of strong winds (100-200 kt) at high altitudes affecting flight times and routing

METAR (METAR)

Aviation Routine Weather Report — a standardized format for reporting current weather conditions

पायलट रिपोर्ट (PIREP: Pilot Report)

An in-flight weather report provided by a pilot describing actual conditions encountered

QNH (QNH)

The atmospheric pressure adjusted to mean sea level, used for altimeter setting

SIGMET (SIGMET)

Significant Meteorological Information — a warning of severe weather hazardous to all aircraft

टेलविंड (Tailwind)

A wind blowing in the same direction as the aircraft's travel, increasing ground speed

टर्मिनल एरोड्रोम पूर्वानुमान (TAF: Terminal Aerodrome Forecast)

A weather forecast for the area around an airport, typically covering a 24-30 hour period

तूफ़ान (क्यूम्यलोनिम्बस) (CB: Thunderstorm (Cumulonimbus))

A convective weather system producing lightning, turbulence, hail, and heavy precipitation

अशांति (Turbulence)

Irregular atmospheric motion causing sudden changes in an aircraft's altitude or attitude

दृश्यता (VIS: Visibility)

The greatest distance at which prominent objects can be identified with the unaided eye

ज्वालामुखी राख बादल (Volcanic Ash Cloud)

Fine rock particles from volcanic eruptions that can damage jet engines and aircraft systems

पवन कतरनी (Wind Shear)

A sudden change in wind speed or direction over a short distance, hazardous during takeoff and landing

सुरक्षा और विनियम (22)

उड़ानयोग्यता प्रमाणपत्र (Airworthiness Certificate)

An official document certifying that an aircraft meets safety standards and is fit to fly

पक्षी का प्रहार (Bird Strike)

A collision between an airborne animal and an aircraft, posing risk to engines and windscreens

ब्लैक बॉक्स (उड़ान रिकॉर्डर) (FDR/CVR: Black Box (Flight Recorder))

The flight data recorder and cockpit voice recorder that capture flight parameters and audio

इलाके में नियंत्रित उड़ान (CFIT: Controlled Flight Into Terrain)

An accident where an airworthy aircraft is flown into terrain, water, or an obstacle

क्रू संसाधन प्रबंधन (CRM: Crew Resource Management)

Training methodology that improves teamwork, communication, and decision-making among flight crew

आपातकालीन निकासी (Emergency Evacuation)

The rapid deployment of passengers from an aircraft via emergency exits and slides

आपातकालीन निकास (Emergency Exit)

A specially designed door or window on an aircraft that can be opened quickly for evacuation

उन्नत GPWS (EGPWS: Enhanced GPWS)

An advanced terrain awareness system combining GPS data with a terrain database

यूरोपीय संघ विमानन सुरक्षा एजेंसी (EASA: European Union Aviation Safety Agency)

The EU agency responsible for civil aviation safety regulation

संघीय उड्डयन प्रशासन (FAA: Federal Aviation Administration)

The US government agency responsible for regulating civil aviation

अग्नि शमन प्रणाली (Fire Suppression System)

Aircraft systems designed to detect and extinguish fires in engines, cargo holds, and lavatories

भूमि निकटता चेतावनी प्रणाली (GPWS: Ground Proximity Warning System)

An aircraft system that alerts pilots when the aircraft is in dangerous proximity to terrain

अंतर्राष्ट्रीय वायु परिवहन संघ (IATA: International Air Transport Association)

The trade association representing airlines worldwide, managing codes and standards

अंतर्राष्ट्रीय नागरिक उड्डयन संगठन (ICAO: International Civil Aviation Organization)

The UN specialized agency managing international civil aviation standards and regulations

जीवन बनियान (Life Vest)

A personal flotation device stored under each aircraft seat for use in water emergencies

MAYDAY

The international distress signal indicating grave and imminent danger requiring immediate assistance

हवाई मिशनों को सूचना (NOTAM: Notice to Air Missions)

A notice filed with aviation authorities to alert pilots of hazards or changes along a flight route

PAN-PAN

The international urgency signal indicating a condition requiring assistance but not immediate danger

रनवे घुसपैठ (Runway Incursion)

Any occurrence involving unauthorized presence of an aircraft, vehicle, or person on a runway

सुरक्षा प्रबंधन प्रणाली (SMS: Safety Management System)

A systematic approach to managing aviation safety including organizational structures and policies

परिवहन सुरक्षा प्रशासन (TSA: Transportation Security Administration)

The US agency responsible for security of transportation systems, particularly airports

अशांति जगाओ (Wake Turbulence)

Air disturbance caused by an aircraft's wingtip vortices, hazardous to following aircraft